Education
Education sessions
ASH Education Program articles and ASCO Educational Book articles whose titles or stated scope concern MRD, measurable or minimal residual disease, or ctDNA. More session webcasts from ESMO, ASCO, and AACR will be added as they are verified.
Learn: how MRD tests differ covers liquid-biopsy CGP versus an MRD test, the technologies, a short animation, and a comparison chart.
0 articles
Review articles
Selected reviews and consensus papers from high-impact journals.
Lung
Nat Rev Clin Oncol · 2025 · Normanno N et al.
Circulating tumour DNA in early stage and locally advanced NSCLC: ready for clinical implementation?
Review of circulating tumour DNA evidence in early-stage and locally advanced NSCLC, and of remaining barriers to clinical implementation beyond molecular profiling in advanced disease.
J Thorac Oncol · 2021 · Rolfo C et al.
Liquid Biopsy for Advanced NSCLC: A Consensus Statement From the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.
IASLC 2021 consensus statement on liquid biopsy in advanced NSCLC, updating the 2018 statement with guidance on when to test and how to interpret results.
ESMO Open · 2022 · Heitzer E et al.
Recommendations for a practical implementation of circulating tumor DNA mutation testing in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.
Recommendations on the practical implementation of circulating tumor DNA mutation testing in metastatic NSCLC.
PubMed 35202954DOIPMCOpen access
Nat Rev Clin Oncol · 2018 · Abbosh C et al.
Early stage NSCLC - challenges to implementing ctDNA-based screening and MRD detection.
Review of challenges to using circulating tumour DNA for earlier cancer detection and for molecular residual disease assessment in early-stage NSCLC.
Slides and webcasts from meetings
Conference abstracts that already have a slide or webcast link. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2ESMO Breast Cancer 2026
416O - SMART: On-treatment ctDNA dynamics predicts response and progression in metastatic breast cancer
Pedram Razavi · Abstract 416O · Proffered Paper (oral) · SMART
SlidesWebcastSlides + webcast. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 3ESMO Congress 2026
Novel error-corrected tumor-informed whole-genome sequencing ctDNA analysis improves postoperative MRD detection in stage II-III colorectal cancer
Maria Honholt Jorgensen · Abstract 4273P · Poster
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 3ESMO Congress 2026
Postoperative TAV16 ctDNA detects molecular residual disease and predicts relapse after pancreatic cancer resection
Miguel García Bartolomé · Abstract 3192eP · ePoster
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 3ESMO Congress 2026
MUTE-Seq enables efficient single-digit-ppm tumor-informed ctDNA MRD monitoring in colorectal cancer
Junseok W Hur · Abstract 2446P · Poster
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 3ESMO Congress 2026
Clinical utility of ultra-sensitive ctDNA MRD monitoring in advanced NSCLC
Srushti Borkar · Abstract 2728eP · ePoster
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2ESMO Gastrointestinal Cancers Congress 2026
ctDNA status and adjuvant chemotherapy after resection of colorectal liver metastases: An overall survival analysis of the GALAXY study
Kozo Kataoka · Abstract 8O · Proffered Paper (oral) · GALAXY
SlidesWebcastSlides + webcast. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2mixedESMO Congress 2025
LBA68 CCTG BR.31: Adjuvant durvalumab (D) in resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Final overall survival (OS) and minimal residual disease (MRD) analyses
Goss, G. · Abstract LBA68 · LBA · CCTG BR.31 · 1,415 randomized; MRD available in 1,131 (80%), of whom 116 (10%) were positive; median follow-up 81 months
Invitae Personalized Cancer Monitoring (tumor-informed), tested on plasma at randomization
Adjuvant durvalumab did not improve OS versus placebo in any prespecified analysis group (all-randomized HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.84-1.25; PD-L1 TC >=25% and EGFR/ALK-negative HR 0.98). MRD positivity was strongly prognostic for worse OS in the placebo arm (HR 6.50 to 8.74 across groups). Durvalumab improved OS among MRD-positive, EGFR/ALK-negative patients with PD-L1 TC >=25% (HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11-0.80; P=0.011; n=29) and PD-L1 TC >=1% (HR 0.49, P=0.024; n=55); treatment-by-MRD interaction P values were all <0.05.
SlidesWebcastSlides + webcast. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Trial in progressESMO Congress 2025
HEROES: De-escalation of anti-HER2 therapies in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer with long-term persistent response and undetectable MRD in ctDNA
Benjamin Verret (with Thibault De La Motte Rouge) · Abstract 620TiP · Poster / trial-in-progress · HEROES
Trial in progress
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Trial in progressESMO Congress 2025
The SURVIVE HERoes study: Targeting molecular relapse in breast cancer; trastuzumab deruxtecan versus standard-of-care treatment in ctDNA-positive HER2-positive/HER2-low early breast cancer
Kerstin Pfister · Abstract 464eTiP · Poster / trial-in-progress · SURVIVE HERoes
Trial in progress
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2ESMO Congress 2025
Safety and performance of a multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test in an intended-use population: Initial results from the registrational PATHFINDER II study
Nima Nabavizadeh · Abstract LBA64 · Proffered Paper / late-breaking oral · PATHFINDER II
SlidesWebcastSlides + webcast. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2ESMO Congress 2025
Molecular residual disease (MRD) analysis from the LAURA study of osimertinib in unresectable stage III EGFR-mutated NSCLC
Edurne Arriola Aperribay · Abstract 1817MO · Mini oral · LAURA
SlidesWebcastSlides + webcast. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2positiveESMO Congress 2025
3068O Adjuvant nivolumab vs placebo for high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma: 5-year efficacy and ctDNA results from CheckMate 274
Galsky, M.D. · Abstract 3068O · oral · CheckMate 274 · 709 randomized (353 nivolumab, 356 placebo); ctDNA evaluable at cycle 1 day 1 in 133 (18.8%), of whom 54 (40.6%) were ctDNA-positive
Natera Signatera (exploratory)
With median follow-up 43.4 months, adjuvant nivolumab improved DFS versus placebo in the ITT population (median 21.9 vs 11.0 months; HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.61-0.90). In the exploratory Signatera analysis, DFS HR was 0.35 (95% CI 0.2-0.7) in patients who were ctDNA-positive at cycle 1 day 1 (median 7.4 vs 2.8 months) and 0.99 (95% CI 0.5-1.9) in those who were ctDNA-negative.
Full paperSlidesWebcastSlides + webcast. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 1positiveESMO Congress 2025
LBA8 IMvigor011: A phase III trial of circulating tumour (ct)DNA-guided adjuvant atezolizumab vs placebo in muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Powles, T.B. · Abstract LBA8 · LBA · IMvigor011 · 761 enrolled in surveillance; 250 ctDNA-positive patients randomized (167 atezolizumab, 83 placebo); 357 persistently ctDNA-negative
not named in the abstract
Among 250 eligible ctDNA-positive patients after cystectomy, adjuvant atezolizumab improved investigator-assessed DFS versus placebo (median 9.9 vs 4.8 months; HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.47-0.87; P=0.0047) and OS (median 32.8 vs 21.1 months; HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.39-0.90; P=0.0131). In 357 patients who remained ctDNA-negative, DFS was 95.4% at the end of 1-year monitoring and 88.4% at 2 years.
Full paperSlidesWebcastSlides + webcast. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 1mixedESMO Congress 2025
LBA9 ctDNA-guided adjuvant chemotherapy de-escalation in stage III colon cancer: Primary analysis of the ctDNA-negative cohort from the randomized AGITG DYNAMIC-III trial (Intergroup study of AGITG and CCTG)
Tie, J. · Abstract LBA9 · LBA · DYNAMIC-III · 702 ctDNA-negative of 968 evaluable (72.5%); 353 ctDNA-guided, 349 standard; median follow-up 45 months
tumor-informed (testing 5-6 weeks post-surgery; commercial name not stated in the abstract)
Protocol de-escalation occurred in 90.4%. Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy use fell (34.8% vs 88.6%, P<0.001), as did grade 3+ adverse events of special interest (6.2% vs 10.6%, P=0.037) and treatment-related hospitalization (8.5% vs 13.2%, P=0.048). Non-inferiority of 3-year RFS was not confirmed (85.3% vs 88.1%; difference -2.8%; 97.5% lower CI -8.0%; NI margin 7.5%). A pre-planned subgroup of clinically low-risk T1-3N1 tumors had difference -2.2% (97.5% lower CI -7.2%), within the NI margin.
Full paperSlidesWebcastSlides + webcast. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 1mixedESMO Congress 2025
723O Post-surgical liquid biopsy-guided treatment of stage III and high-risk stage II colon cancer patients: Final results of the PEGASUS trial
Marsoni, S. · Abstract 723O · oral · PEGASUS · 135 patients (100 liquid-biopsy-negative, 35 positive); median follow-up 33.5 months
Guardant Reveal (v L1.2)
Among patients with two consecutive post-surgical negative tests, 12 relapses occurred, for a 2-year no-evidence-of-disease rate of 88% (90% CI 81-93). The predefined feasibility threshold (fewer than 14 relapses among 134 negative patients to exclude 85% in favor of 92%) was not met, though the point estimate exceeded 85%. In the 35 positive patients, 13 (37%) relapsed; 2-year time-to-relapse was 87.6% vs 61.5% (HR 3.22, P=0.0013).
SlidesWebcastSlides + webcast. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2ESMO Congress 2024
IMpower010: ctDNA status and 5-year disease-free survival follow-up in resected NSCLC after adjuvant chemotherapy followed by atezolizumab or best supportive care
Heather Wakelee · Abstract 1211P · Poster · IMpower010
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2ESMO Congress 2024
Association of ctDNA-based MRD detection and MRD clearance with short-term overall survival in resectable colorectal cancer: Updated analysis of CIRCULATE-Japan GALAXY
Jun Nagata · Abstract 553P · Poster · CIRCULATE-Japan GALAXY
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2ESMO Congress 2024
Association between copy number aberration and ctDNA MRD in colorectal cancer: CIRCULATE-Japan GALAXY
Tomoya Harima · Abstract 555P · Poster · CIRCULATE-Japan GALAXY
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2ESMO Congress 2024
Survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy based on MRD detection in resected colorectal liver metastases: Subgroup analysis from CIRCULATE-Japan GALAXY
Kozo Kataoka · Abstract 558P · Poster · CIRCULATE-Japan GALAXY
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 1mixedESMO Congress 2023
LBA28 The PEGASUS trial: Post-surgical liquid biopsy-guided treatment of stage III and high-risk stage II colon cancer patients
Lonardi, S. · Abstract LBA28 · LBA · PEGASUS · 135 patients; median follow-up 20.8 months at this report
Guardant Reveal (v L1.2)
Post-surgery ctDNA was detected in 35/135 (26%). Relapse occurred in 12/35 (34%) ctDNA-positive vs 9/100 (9%) ctDNA-negative patients (HR 4.37, P=0.0003); the 9 negative relapses were the prespecified false-negative count. After 3 months of CAPOX, 11/35 positive patients converted to negative, but 8/11 later relapsed or re-positivized. Of 23 who received FOLFIRI after CAPOX, 11 converted and were relapse-free at analysis.
SlidesWebcastSlides + webcast. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Trial in progressESMO Congress 2023
GUIDE.MRD: A consortium guiding multimodal therapies against minimal residual disease by liquid biopsy and ctDNA implementation in clinical practice
Klaus Pantel · Abstract 237TiP · Poster / trial-in-progress · GUIDE.MRD
Trial in progress
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Trial in progressESMO Asia Congress 2022
Minimal residual disease-guided adjuvant tislelizumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in resected stage IIA-IIIB NSCLC: A single-arm phase II study (Seagull)
Feng Li · Abstract 304TiP · Poster / trial-in-progress · Seagull
Trial in progress
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 3ESMO Congress 2022
A tumor-informed, hybrid-capture ctDNA assay for MRD detection in colorectal cancer after curative surgery
Sae-Won Han · Abstract 381P · Poster
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.
- Level 2ESMO Congress 2022
Tumour-naïve ctDNA analysis in resected colorectal cancer in the phase III ASCOLT trial
Daphne Day · Abstract 380P · Poster · ASCOLT
PosterPoster PDF. An ASCO or ESMO member login may be required.